Machine learning algorithms and large language models (LLMs), such as the model underpinning the functioning of the platform ChatGPT, have proved to be effective in tackling a wide range of tasks. These models are trained on various types of data (e.g., texts, images, videos, and/or audio recordings), which are typically annotated by humans, who label important features, including the emotions expressed in the data.
Third-party data annotators often fail to accurately read the emotions of others, study finds
